Improvement in bakers  ovens



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNST A. E. BHM, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BAKERS OVENS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 183,629, dated October24, 1876; application tiled September 13, 1876.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST A. E. BHM, of' the city and county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Bakers Ovens; and I do hereby declare the following to bea clear and exact description of the nature thereof, sufficient toenable othersskilled in the art to which my invention appertains tofully understand, make, and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a front view of the oven embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is avertical section in line fr a', Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is avertical section inline y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a top view thereof, the top plate beingremoved. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section in line zz, Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

My invention consists of a series of ovens, which are successivelyheated, the temperature being such that articles of various kinds may besimultaneously baked. For this purpose I employ a series of ovens andlues, the construction and operation of which will be hereinafter morefully set forth. It also consists of the combination of a series ofovens with a raising and lowering grate, for adjusting the heat to themain oven. It also consists of the combination of a series of ovens withthe grate, constructed with a small fuelsurface and largeheating-surface.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the walls of the oven, which ispreferably made portable. At the bottom of the oven there is located thegrate B, which is hinged at its rear end, and supported at its front endon a conveniently accessible screw or screws G, by means of which thegrate may be raised or lowered, in order to bring the re nearer to orfarther from the floor of the oven above it. The grate is constructed ofa plate, B', with grated portions a, at the sides ot' its front portion,and access will be had thereto through doors b at the sides of the frontWall of the oven.

By these means a fire may be made at one or both sides of the grate, andas the plate B provides a large heating-surface, and it will be heatedfrom the tire on the small grated portions a, there will be a saving inthe quantity of fuel. f

D represents the lowermost oven, above which is another oven, E, theseparating-plate b of which constitutes the roof of the oven D and floorof the oven E. At the rear of the ovensD E is an upright Hue, F, whichcommunicates with the combustion-chamber above the grate B. G representsa horizontal flue, which is located above the oven E, and H representsan oven which is above the nue G. The front corners of the oven H aremade diagonal, or cut away so as to leave at both front corners verticalflues J J, which communicate with the flue G, said tlues J extendingvertically, and communicating with horizontal side lines or spaces Kabove the roof of the oven H, said ues K extending to the rear of theoven, where, by means of uprights d d, extending longitudinally betweenthe roof of the oven H and top plate of the entire oven, and forming ahorizontal tine, L, centrally of the ues, the said flue K communicateswith said ue L, at whose forward portion is the chimney-flue or place ofexit, as at e. Access will be had to the several ovens D E H by means ofdoors f g h, respectively.

It will be seen that the products of combustion irst heat the Hoor ofthe oven D, and then, passing into the iue F, they heat the rear of theovens D E, after which they enter ue G, and heat the roof of the oven Eand oor 0f the oven H. Said products now enter the fiue J, and heat thefront of oven H, and thence to the ues K, rearward to the tlue L, andthrough the tlue L to the exit e, by which two fiues K L the root' ofthe oven H will be heated.

It will thus be seen that the nues are utilized to heat various partsot' different ovens, and as the heat will be less as it reaches the roofot' the oven H, it is directed rearward and forward in the flues K L, sothat every portion of said roof will be subjected to heat, and by thetwo ues stated.

The lower oven will be employed for articles (say bread) requiring greatheat, the next oven above for cake requiring less heat, and

the top oven' for fancy cakes, Sugar-baking, and other articlesrequiring to be baked without browning.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The series of ovens D E H, in combina tion with the vertical iiue F,horizontal ue G, and vertical flue J, constructed and operatingsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The oven H, with corner flues J, in combination with the horizontalside fines K and horizontal central iue L, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

3. The combination of the series of ovens D E H and the raising andlowering grate B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination of the series of ovens D E H and the grate B,consisting of the plate B', with grated portions a a at the sides of itsfront, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

ERNST A. E. BHM.

Witnesses JOHN A. WIEDERSHEIM, H. E. HINDMARSH.

